For a decade of years, the Java programming language is dominating other programming languages. Java is an Object-oriented, High-Level programming language with dynamic features.
About Java
Some of the Features are:
Object Oriented
Object-Oriented programming (OOP) technique is merely a way of organizing programs, and it can be accomplished using any language. Working with a real object-oriented language and programming environment, however, enables you to take full advantage of object oriented methodology and its capabilities for creating flexible, modular programs and reusing code. Many of Java's object-oriented concepts are inherited from C++, the language on which it is based, but it borrows many concepts from other object-oriented languages as well. Like most object-oriented programming languages, Java includes a set of class libraries that provide basic data types, system input and output capabilities, and other utility functions. These basic classes are part of the Java development kit, which also has classes to support networking, common Internet protocols, and user interface toolkit functions. Because these class libraries are written in Java, they are portable across platforms as all Java applications.
Platform Independent
Platform independence is one of the most significant advantages that Java has over other programming languages, particularly for systems that need to work on many different platforms. Java is platform-independent at both the source and the binary level. Platform-independence is a program's capability of moving easily from one computer system to another. At the source level, Java's primitive data types have consistent sizes across all development platforms. Java's foundation class libraries make it easy to write code that can be moved from platform to platform without the need to rewrite it to work with that platform. Platform-independence doesn't stop at the source level, however. Java binary files are also platform independent and can run on multiple platforms without the need to recompile the source. How does this work? Java binary files are actually in a form called byte codes.
Robust
Java has several strong features like Memory management, Security features and Networking features. Simple Java is considered as a simple language because its code and syntax is simply constructed and easy to understand by anybody. Complex features such as Pointer in C and operator overloading in C++ are eliminated.
Secure
For the following reasons Java is marked as secure language.
Memory Management Because of its own memory management mechanism and automatic garbage collection the user need not take care of freeing the used memory each and every time once the object has to be used , it's takes care of the role of JVM (Java Virtual Machine).
No Pointers Java does not support Pointers. The pros of using pointers are anybody can make the reference memory locations for read and write operations, an un-secure part of the language.
Scope and Accessibility of Keywords.
If we using public scope to the methods then we can able to access all the methods from anywhere. If we using private it’s not yet so for.
Compile Time Checking.
Java virtual machine (JVM) catches the accessibility of an attempt of access of private variables at the time of compilation. It avoids system crash.
Exception Handling
In the Java programming language the Exception handling plays a vital role to monitor and catch the run time error caused due to unexpected input from the user. For example: - If somebody given 0 as divisor, it gives infinity as a result.
Byte Code
Byte code gives us the facility write code once and run anywhere. The Java Security Mechanisms JVM verifies the code before executing the executable jars.
Architectural-Neutral
Java runs the byte codes on any environment (Operating System). To execute Java application on the network, the compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format. It means that compiled Java code (byte code) can run on many processors given the presence of a JVM. The JVM is the important component for platform independent language.
Portable
It means that we can run Java byte code of SE Standard Edition in any hardware that has a compliant JVM
Java Swing
Java Swing is a lightweight interface element toolkit which one used to develop light and feel interactive Graphical user Interface. . It is a part of the Java Foundation Classes (JFC) and includes so many other packages for developing rich desktop applications in Java. It includes the following:-
Servlets
Java Servlet act as a middle layer between requests comes from a web browser user interface (http client) and web server databases.
Accumulate the information comes from the web form elements and send it to the web server database.
Performance is significantly better.
Servlets execute within the address space of a Web server. It is not necessary to create a separate process to handle each client request.
Servlets are platform-independent because they are written in Java.
Java security manager on the server enforces a set of restrictions to protect the resources on a server machine.
RMI
The Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI) system allows an object running in one Java Virtual machine to invoke methods on an object running in another Java virtual machine. RMI provides for remote communication between programs written in the Java language.
Career Opportunities & Real-World Applications of Java